1.A.9.1.9 The cation-selective pentameric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, nAChR, with α (461 aas; P02710), β (493 aas; P02712), γ (506 aas; P02714) and δ (522 aas; P02718) subunits. The transmembrane domain of the uncoupled nAChR adopts a
conformation distinct from that of the resting or desensitized state (Sun et al. 2016). Studies with this receptor have been reviewed (Unwin 2013). Many small molecules interact with nAChRs including d-tubocurarine, snake venom protein α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt), and
α-conotoxins, neurotoxic peptides from Conus snails. Various
more recently discovered compounds of different structural classes also interact with nAChRs including the low-molecular weight alkaloids, pibocin, varacin and makaluvamines C and G.
6-Bromohypaphorine from the mollusk Hermissenda crassicornis does not
bind to Torpedo nAChR but behaves as an agonist on human α7 nAChR (Kudryavtsev et al. 2015). Dimethylaniline mimics the low potency and non-competitive actions of lidocaine on nAChRs,
as opposed to the high potency and voltage-dependent block by lidocaine (Alberola-Die et al. 2016). Cholesterol is a potent modulator of the Torpedo nAChR (Baenziger et al. 2017). Cholesterol may play a mechanical role by conferring local rigidity to the membrane so that there is productive coupling between the extracellular and membrane domains, leading to opening of the channel (Unwin 2017).
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Accession Number: | P02714 |
Protein Name: | Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma |
Length: | 506 |
Molecular Weight: | 58164.00 |
Species: | Tetronarce californica (Pacific electric ray) [7787] |
Number of TMSs: | 4 |
Location1 / Topology2 / Orientation3: |
Cell junction1 / Multi-pass membrane protein2 |
Substrate |
ions |
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1: MVLTLLLIIC LALEVRSENE EGRLIEKLLG DYDKRIIPAK TLDHIIDVTL KLTLTNLISL
61: NEKEEALTTN VWIEIQWNDY RLSWNTSEYE GIDLVRIPSE LLWLPDVVLE NNVDGQFEVA
121: YYANVLVYND GSMYWLPPAI YRSTCPIAVT YFPFDWQNCS LVFRSQTYNA HEVNLQLSAE
181: EGEAVEWIHI DPEDFTENGE WTIRHRPAKK NYNWQLTKDD TDFQEIIFFL IIQRKPLFYI
241: INIIAPCVLI SSLVVLVYFL PAQAGGQKCT LSISVLLAQT IFLFLIAQKV PETSLNVPLI
301: GKYLIFVMFV SMLIVMNCVI VLNVSLRTPN THSLSEKIKH LFLGFLPKYL GMQLEPSEET
361: PEKPQPRRRS SFGIMIKAEE YILKKPRSEL MFEEQKDRHG LKRVNKMTSD IDIGTTVDLY
421: KDLANFAPEI KSCVEACNFI AKSTKEQNDS GSENENWVLI GKVIDKACFW IALLLFSIGT
481: LAIFLTGHFN QVPEFPFPGD PRKYVP