TCID | Name | Domain | Kingdom/Phylum | Protein(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.C.85.1.1 | β-defensin-1 | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | β-defensin-1 of Homo sapiens (P60022) |
1.C.85.1.2 | β-defensin-2 | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | β-defensin 2 of Homo sapiens (O15263) |
1.C.85.1.3 | β-defensin-3 of 67 aas and 1 N-terminal TMS. Canine BD103 (van Damme et al. 2009) is 79% identical. | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | β-defensin-3 of Homo sapiens (P81534) |
1.C.85.1.4 | β-defensin-14 | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | β-defensin-14 of Mus musculus (Q7TNV9) |
1.C.85.1.5 | Epididymus sperm-associated antigen (EP2E) | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | EP2E of Homo sapiens (Q9H4P9) |
1.C.85.1.6 | β-defensin-2 of 71 aas and 1 TMS | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Defensin β2 of Mus musculus |
1.C.85.1.7 | β-defensin 11 of 69 aas and 1 TMS | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Defb11 of Rattus norvegicus |
1.C.85.1.8 | β-Defensin 3 (BD3) of 63 aas and 1 TMS (Colavita et al. 2015). Sass et al. 2008 have proposed that interference with the organisation of membrane-bound multienzyme complexes such as the electron transport chain and the cell wall biosynthetic complex rather than on formation of defined transmembrane pores is responsible for death of Staphylococcus aureus (Sass et al. 2008). However, BD3 selectively inhibits mouse Kv1.6 and human KCNQ1/KCNE1 channels with IC50 values of 0.6 μM and 1.2 μM, respectively (Zhang et al. 2018).
| Eukaryota |
Metazoa | BD3 pf Mus musculus |
1.C.85.1.9 | Canine β-defensin-1, cBD1, of 41 aas and 1 N-terminal TMS. Production of beta-defensins constitutes an important role in skin defense, and variable expression of three cBDs in different organ systems of the dog has been observed. In skin, three beta-defensins, cBD1, cBD103 and cBD107, were extensively expressed (van Damme et al. 2009). There is a possible defect in the innate immune response of dogs with atopic dermatitis. cDB1 may be a marker for Leishmania infantum infection in dogs (da Silva et al. 2017). | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Defensin 1 of Canis lupus familiaris (Dog) (Canis familiaris) |
1.C.85.1.10 | Canine β-defensin 107, cBD107, of 70 aas and 1 N-terminal TMS (van Damme et al. 2009). | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | cBD107 of Canis lupus familiaris (Dog) (Canis familiaris) |
1.C.85.2.1 | Myotoxin-4 or Crotamine-4. Specifically modifies voltage-sensitive Na+channels, inhibits K+ channels and exhibits analgesic effects. This snake myotoxin family member is a cationic peptide with multiple functions. It acts as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), and has antimicrobial activities, hind limb paralysis, and severe muscle necrosis by a non-enzymatic mechanism. As a cell-penetrating peptide, crotamine has high specificity for actively proliferating cells, and interacts inside the cell with subcellular and subnuclear structures, like vesicular compartments, chromosomes and centrioles (Hayashi et al. 2008). The toxin selectively inhibits Kv1.1/KCNA1, Kv1.2/KCNA2 and Kv1.3/KCNA3 channels with IC50 values of 369, 386 and 287 nM, respectively (Peigneur et al. 2012). As an antimicrobial peptide, crotamine shows antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. subtilis, and antifungal activity against Candida spp., Trichosporon spp. and C. neoformans. It kills bacteria through membrane permeabilization (Kerkis et al. 2004). | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Myotoxin-4 of Crotalus durissus terrificus (P24334) |
1.C.85.2.2 | Crotamine-IV-2 toxin of 42 aas and 0 TMSs. Croamines are cationic peptides that possess multiple
functions. hey act as cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), as potent
voltage-gated potassium channel inhibitors and as antimicrobial
agents (Hayashi et al. 2008). As an antimicrobial peptide, crotamine shows
antibacterial activity against E.coli and B.subtilis, and antifungal
activity against Candida spp., Trichosporon spp. and C. neoformans. It
kills bacteria through membrane permeabilization (Hayashi et al. 2008). It selectively inhibits Kv1.1/KCNA1, Kv1.2/KCNA2 and Kv1.3/KCNA3 channels (Peigneur et al. 2012). It is also hemolytic (Oguiura et al. 2011). | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Croamine-IV-2 of Crotalus durissus cumanensis |
1.C.85.2.3 | β-defensin-like protein of 63 aas and 1 TMS | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | defensin-like protein of Bothrops matogrossensis (Pitviper) (Bothrops neuwiedi matogrossensis) |
1.C.85.2.4 | Crotamine-like precursor of 76 aas and 1 TMS. | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Crotamine-like peptide of Thamnodynastes strigatus (Coastal house snake) |
1.C.85.3.1 | Epithelial Gallinacin-1α. The full length antimicrobial peptide precursor is CHP2. Attacks bacteria and fungi. | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Gallinacin 1α of Gallus gallus (P46157) |
1.C.85.3.2 | β-defensin prepropeptide of 59 aas and 2 TMSs. | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | β-defensin of Meleagris gallopavo (turkey) |
1.C.85.3.3 | Avian beta-defensin, 5beta of 66 aas and 1 TMS.
| Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Beta-defensin of Columba livia (domestic pigeon) |
1.C.85.4.1 | Helofensin-1 lethal toxin of 183 aas (PMID 19837656). This toxin possesses an inhibitory effect on electrical stimulation of the isolated hemi-diaphragm of mice. Neither hemorrhagic nor hemolytic activities were detected, but Huang et al. 2016 reported it to be a membrane active protein.
| Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Helofensin-1 of Heloderma suspectum cinctum (Banded Gila monster) |
1.C.85.4.2 | Helofensin-3 (90% identical to helofensin-1) of 182 aas. A lethal toxin. | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | Helofensin-3 of Heloderma suspectum cinctum (Banded Gila monster) |
1.C.85.4.3 | Uncharacterized protein of 172 aas | Eukaryota |
Metazoa | UP of Nematostella vectensis (Starlet sea anemone) |