1.A.22.1.5
The pentameric MscL channel (Iscla et al., 2011).  The high resolution structure of a proposed closed but expanded tetrameric intermediate state has been determined (Liu et al. 2009). Adhesive forces to surfaces play an important role, next to other established driving forces, in staphylococcal MscL channel gating (Carniello et al. 2020). Thus, transmembrane antibiotic uptake and solute efflux in infectious staphylococcal biofilms is greatly stimulated when bacteria experience adhesion forces from surfaces as in biofilms.