1.M.17.  The Salmonella Phage Siskin Spaniin (SPSS) Family 

This family of spanins has not been experimentally verified and therefore is a tentative assignment. However, a new Casjensviridae bacteriophage has been isolated from hospital sewage for inactivation of biofilms of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates (Chakraborty et al. 2024). 

Bacteriophage Siskin is a member of the χ-like siphovirus phage cluster that infects Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2. O'Leary et al. 2019 reported the complete 58,476-bp sequence of the Siskin genome, provided confirmation of its genomic termini, and described a potentially new class of Rz-like spanins found in the lysis cassette. Several homologs have been assigned the function of spanins.