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2.A.1.22.1
Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein neurotransmitter (e.g., dopamine) transporter, SV2A or SLC22B1.  This protein localizes to neurotransmitter-containing vesicles and has a nucleotide binding site (Yao and Bajjalieh 2009). The SV2 family is comprised of three paralogues: SV2A, SV2B, and SV2C. They are present in secretory vesicles, including synaptic vesicles, and are critical to neurotransmission. Structural and functional studies suggest that SV2 proteins may play several roles to promote proper vesicular function. Among these roles are their potential to stabilize the transmitter content of vesicles, to maintain and orient the releasable pool of vesicles, and to regulate vesicular calcium sensitivity to ensure efficient, coordinated release of the transmitter (Stout et al. 2019). SV2A plays a role in neuronal excitability and as such is the specific target for the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam as well as seletracetam and brivaracetam. SV2 proteins also act as the target by which potent neurotoxins, particularly botulinum, gain access to neurons and exert their toxicity. Both SV2B and SV2C are increasingly implicated in diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Despite decades of intensive research, their exact functions were elusive in 2019 (Stout et al. 2019), but the systems may transport galactose.The human (Q70J3) and rat orthologs are 99% identical. The structure, function, and disease relevance of GP2 (SV2) transporters have been reviewed (Stout et al. 2019).

Accession Number:Q02563
Protein Name:SYV2 aka SV2
Length:742
Molecular Weight:82661.00
Species:Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [10116]
Number of TMSs:12
Location1 / Topology2 / Orientation3: Cytoplasmic vesicle1 / Multi-pass membrane protein2
Substrate galactose, neurotransmitter

Cross database links:

RefSeq: NP_476558.2   
Entrez Gene ID: 117559   
Pfam: PF07690    PF00083   
KEGG: rno:117559   

Gene Ontology

GO:0030054 C:cell junction
GO:0016021 C:integral to membrane
GO:0030672 C:synaptic vesicle membrane
GO:0005515 F:protein binding
GO:0004872 F:receptor activity
GO:0005215 F:transporter activity
GO:0006836 P:neurotransmitter transport
GO:0055085 P:transmembrane transport

References (12)

[1] “The synaptic vesicle protein SV2 is a novel type of transmembrane transporter.”  Feany M.B.et.al.   1355409
[2] “Identification, characterization, and molecular cloning of a novel transporter-like protein localized to the central nervous system.”  Gingrich J.A.et.al.   1426240
[3] “SV2, a brain synaptic vesicle protein homologous to bacterial transporters.”  Bajjalieh S.M.et.al.   1519064
[4] “The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).”  The MGC Project Teamet.al.   15489334
[5] “Isoform-specific, calcium-regulated interaction of the synaptic vesicle proteins SV2 and synaptotagmin.”  Schivell A.E.et.al.   8910372
[6] “SV2C is a synaptic vesicle protein with an unusually restricted localization: anatomy of a synaptic vesicle protein family.”  Janz R.et.al.   10625067
[7] “AP-2 recruitment to synaptotagmin stimulated by tyrosine-based endocytic motifs.”  Haucke V.et.al.   10455054
[8] “Phosphorylation of synaptic vesicle protein 2 modulates binding to synaptotagmin.”  Pyle R.A.et.al.   10747945
[9] “The synaptic vesicle protein SV2A is the binding site for the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam.”  Lynch B.A.et.al.   15210974
[10] “SV2A and SV2C are not vesicular Ca2+ transporters but control glucose-evoked granule recruitment.”  Iezzi M.et.al.   16306227
[11] “SV2A and SV2C contain a unique synaptotagmin-binding site.”  Schivell A.E.et.al.   15866046
[12] “SV2 is the protein receptor for botulinum neurotoxin A.”  Dong M.et.al.   16543415

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Predict TMSs (Predict number of transmembrane segments)
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FASTA formatted sequence
1:	MEEGFRDRAA FIRGAKDIAK EVKKHAAKKV VKGLDRVQDE YSRRSYSRFE EEEDDDDFPA 
61:	PADGYYRGEG AQDEEEGGAS SDATEGHDED DEIYEGEYQG IPRAESGGKG ERMADGAPLA 
121:	GVRGGLSDGE GPPGGRGEAQ RRKDREELAQ QYETILRECG HGRFQWTLYF VLGLALMADG 
181:	VEVFVVGFVL PSAEKDMCLS DSNKGMLGLI VYLGMMVGAF LWGGLADRLG RRQCLLISLS 
241:	VNSVFAFFSS FVQGYGTFLF CRLLSGVGIG GSIPIVFSYF SEFLAQEKRG EHLSWLCMFW 
301:	MIGGVYAAAM AWAIIPHYGW SFQMGSAYQF HSWRVFVLVC AFPSVFAIGA LTTQPESPRF 
361:	FLENGKHDEA WMVLKQVHDT NMRAKGHPER VFSVTHIKTI HQEDELIEIQ SDTGTWYQRW 
421:	GVRALSLGGQ VWGNFLSCFS PEYRRITLMM MGVWFTMSFS YYGLTVWFPD MIRHLQAVDY 
481:	AARTKVFPGE RVEHVTFNFT LENQIHRGGQ YFNDKFIGLR LKSVSFEDSL FEECYFEDVT 
541:	SSNTFFRNCT FINTVFYNTD LFEYKFVNSR LVNSTFLHNK EGCPLDVTGT GEGAYMVYFV 
601:	SFLGTLAVLP GNIVSALLMD KIGRLRMLAG SSVLSCVSCF FLSFGNSESA MIALLCLFGG 
661:	VSIASWNALD VLTVELYPSD KRTTAFGFLN ALCKLAAVLG ISIFTSFVGI TKAAPILFAS 
721:	AALALGSSLA LKLPETRGQV LQ