TCDB is operated by the Saier Lab Bioinformatics Group
« See all members of the family


2.A.23.3.3
Broad-specificity amino acid:Na+ symporter, LAT1, M7V1, RDR, RDRC, or SLC1A5 (transports most neutral, zwitterionic and dibasic amino acids either uptake or bidirectional transport) (Scalise et al. 2018). Required for intracellular multiplication of Legionella pneumophila (Wieland et al., 2005). SLC7A5 with accessory protein SLC3A2 (the heavy chain; TC# 8.A.9.2.2) mediates bidirectional transport of amino acids and regulates mTOR and autophagy (Nicklin et al., 2009; Estrach et al. 2014).  LAT1 is the sole transport competent subunit of the heterodimer (Napolitano et al. 2015). l-Leucine inhibits uptake of LAT1 substrates as well as cell growth, and it potentiates the efficacy of bestatin and cisplatin, even at low concentrations (25 muM) (Huttunen et al. 2016).  Transports certain thyroid hormones and their derivatives (Krause and Hinz 2017). It interacts with scaffold proteins and is glycosylated on two asn residues, N163 and N212. Also serves as the receptor by a group of retroviruses (Scalise et al. 2018). Syncytin-1 interacts with the ASCT2 receptor (Štafl et al. 2021). Discoidin domain receptor 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulation of the SLC1A5 and the mTORC1 signaling pathway (Pan et al. 2022). LAT1 expression is alterred in patients with pediatric scoliosis (development of skeletal deformities) (Demura et al. 2022). The expression of SLC1A5 is upregulated in glioblastoma tissues compared with low-grade gliomas.  SLC1A5 knockdown inhibits glioma cell proliferation and invasion, and reduces the sensitivity of ferroptosis via the GPX4-dependent pathway (Han et al. 2022). It acts as a cell surface receptor for Feline endogenous virus RD114, Baboon M7 endogenous virus, and type D simian retroviruses. LAT1 plays a role in the activation of pathogenic T cell subsets under inflammatory conditions (Ogbechi et al. 2023).  SLC1A5 is a novel biomarker associated with ferroptosis (Chen et al. 2023).  Vitamin D3 supplementation promotes Slc1A5 activity, increasing amino acid digestion and absorption in fish, contributing to the overall productivity of aquaculture (Zhang et al. 2022).  Lat1 plays a role in human cancer progression, and other SLC transporters also play roles (Hushmandi et al. 2024).  LAT1 is a target for breast cancer diagnosis and therapy (Zhou et al. 2025).  JAM-A (junctional adhesion molecule-A) promotes breast cancer progression via regulation of amino acid transporter LAT1 (Estrach et al. 2014).  LAT1 is the sole transport competent subunit of the heterodimer (Napolitano et al. 2015). l-Leucine inhibits uptake of LAT1 substrates as well as cell growth, and it potentiates the efficacy of bestatin and cisplatin, even at low concentrations (25 muM) (Huttunen et al. 2016).  Transports certain thyroid hormones and their derivatives (Krause and Hinz 2017). It interacts with scaffold proteins and is glycosylated on two asn residues, N163 and N212. Also serves as the receptor by a group of retroviruses (Scalise et al. 2018). Syncytin-1 interacts with the ASCT2 receptor (Štafl et al. 2021). Discoidin domain receptor 1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression through modulation of the SLC1A5 and the mTORC1 signaling pathway (Pan et al. 2022). LAT1 expression is alterred in patients with pediatric scoliosis (development of skeletal deformities) (Demura et al. 2022). The expression of SLC1A5 is upregulated in glioblastoma tissues compared with low-grade gliomas.  SLC1A5 knockdown inhibits glioma cell proliferation and invasion, and reduces the sensitivity of ferroptosis via the GPX4-dependent pathway (Han et al. 2022). It acts as a cell surface receptor for Feline endogenous virus RD114, Baboon M7 endogenous virus, and type D simian retroviruses. LAT1 plays a role in the activation of pathogenic T cell subsets under inflammatory conditions (Ogbechi et al. 2023).  SLC1A5 is a novel biomarker associated with ferroptosis (Chen et al. 2023).  Vitamin D3 supplementation promotes Slc1A5 activity, increasing amino acid digestion and absorption in fish, contributing to the overall productivity of aquaculture (Zhang et al. 2022).  Lat1 plays a role in human cancer progression, and other SLC transporters also play roles (Hushmandi et al. 2024).  LAT1 is a target for breast cancer diagnosis and therapy (Zhou et al. 2025).  JAM-A (junctional adhesion molecule-A) promotes breast cancer progression via regulation of amino acid transporter LAT1 (Magara et al. 2024).

Accession Number:Q15758
Protein Name:AAAT aka System B° aka ATB° aka NBB aka SLC1A5 aka ASCT2 aka RDRC aka RDR aka M7V1
Length:541
Molecular Weight:56598.00
Species:Homo sapiens (Human) [9606]
Number of TMSs:10
Location1 / Topology2 / Orientation3: Membrane1 / Multi-pass membrane protein2
Substrate sodium(1+), amino acid

Cross database links:

RefSeq: NP_005619.1   
Entrez Gene ID: 6510   
Pfam: PF00375   
OMIM: 109190  gene
KEGG: hsa:6510   

Gene Ontology

GO:0005887 C:integral to plasma membrane
GO:0042470 C:melanosome
GO:0005624 C:membrane fraction
GO:0015175 F:neutral amino acid transmembrane transporte...
GO:0005515 F:protein binding
GO:0004872 F:receptor activity
GO:0017153 F:sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity
GO:0006835 P:dicarboxylic acid transport
GO:0015804 P:neutral amino acid transport
GO:0005794 C:Golgi apparatus
GO:0015186 F:L-glutamine transmembrane transporter activity
GO:0006811 P:ion transport

References (25)

[1] “Cloning of the sodium-dependent, broad-scope, neutral amino acid transporter Bo from a human placental choriocarcinoma cell line.”  Kekuda R.et.al.   8702519
[2] “The RD114/simian type D retrovirus receptor is a neutral amino acid transporter.”  Rasko J.E.J.et.al.   10051606
[3] “A sodium-dependent neutral-amino-acid transporter mediates infections of feline and baboon endogenous retroviruses and simian type D retroviruses.”  Tailor C.S.et.al.   10196349
[4] “Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.”  Ota T.et.al.   14702039
[5] “The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).”  The MGC Project Teamet.al.   15489334
[6] “Truncated forms of the dual function human ASCT2 neutral amino acid transporter/retroviral receptor are translationally initiated at multiple alternative CUG and GUG codons.”  Tailor C.S.et.al.   11350958
[7] “Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.”  Olsen J.V.et.al.   17081983
[8] “Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes.”  Chi A.et.al.   17081065
[9] “A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.”  Dephoure N.et.al.   18669648
[10] “Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.”  Gauci S.et.al.   19413330
[11] “Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins.”  Wollscheid B.et.al.   19349973
[12] “Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.”  Mayya V.et.al.   19690332
[13] “Cloning of the sodium-dependent, broad-scope, neutral amino acid transporter Bo from a human placental choriocarcinoma cell line.”  Kekuda R.et.al.   8702519
[14] “The RD114/simian type D retrovirus receptor is a neutral amino acid transporter.”  Rasko J.E.J.et.al.   10051606
[15] “A sodium-dependent neutral-amino-acid transporter mediates infections of feline and baboon endogenous retroviruses and simian type D retroviruses.”  Tailor C.S.et.al.   10196349
[16] “Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.”  Ota T.et.al.   14702039
[17] “The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).”  The MGC Project Teamet.al.   15489334
[18] “Truncated forms of the dual function human ASCT2 neutral amino acid transporter/retroviral receptor are translationally initiated at multiple alternative CUG and GUG codons.”  Tailor C.S.et.al.   11350958
[19] “Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks.”  Olsen J.V.et.al.   17081983
[20] “Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes.”  Chi A.et.al.   17081065
[21] “A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation.”  Dephoure N.et.al.   18669648
[22] “Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach.”  Gauci S.et.al.   19413330
[23] “Mass-spectrometric identification and relative quantification of N-linked cell surface glycoproteins.”  Wollscheid B.et.al.   19349973
[24] “Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions.”  Mayya V.et.al.   19690332
[25] “Initial characterization of the human central proteome.”  Burkard T.R.et.al.   21269460
Structure:
5LLM   5LLU   5LM4   5MJU   6GCT   6MP6   6MPB   6RVX   6RVY      [...more]

External Searches:

Analyze:

Predict TMSs (Predict number of transmembrane segments)
Window Size: Angle:  
FASTA formatted sequence
1:	MVADPPRDSK GLAAAEPTAN GGLALASIED QGAAAGGYCG SRDQVRRCLR ANLLVLLTVV 
61:	AVVAGVALGL GVSGAGGALA LGPERLSAFV FPGELLLRLL RMIILPLVVC SLIGGAASLD 
121:	PGALGRLGAW ALLFFLVTTL LASALGVGLA LALQPGAASA AINASVGAAG SAENAPSKEV 
181:	LDSFLDLARN IFPSNLVSAA FRSYSTTYEE RNITGTRVKV PVGQEVEGMN ILGLVVFAIV 
241:	FGVALRKLGP EGELLIRFFN SFNEATMVLV SWIMWYAPVG IMFLVAGKIV EMEDVGLLFA 
301:	RLGKYILCCL LGHAIHGLLV LPLIYFLFTR KNPYRFLWGI VTPLATAFGT SSSSATLPLM 
361:	MKCVEENNGV AKHISRFILP IGATVNMDGA ALFQCVAAVF IAQLSQQSLD FVKIITILVT 
421:	ATASSVGAAG IPAGGVLTLA IILEAVNLPV DHISLILAVD WLVDRSCTVL NVEGDALGAG 
481:	LLQNYVDRTE SRSTEPELIQ VKSELPLDPL PVPTEEGNPL LKHYRGPAGD ATVASEKESV 
541:	M