TCID | Name | Domain | Kingdom/Phylum | Protein(s) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.A.96.1.1 | Acetate/succinate transporter, SatP or YaaH of 196 aas and 6 TMSs (Sá-Pessoa et al. 2013). It is specific for acetate (a monocarboxylate) and for succinate (a dicarboxylate), with affinity constants at pH 6.0 of 1.24 ± 0.13 mM for acetate and 1.18 ± 0.10 mM for succinate. In glucose grown-cells, the ΔyaaH mutant is compromised for the uptake of both labelled acetic and succinic acids. YaaH, together with ActP, previously described as an acetate transporter, affect the use of acetic acid as a sole carbon and energy source. Both genes have to be deleted simultaneously to abolish acetate transport. The uptake of acetate and succinate was restored when yaaH was expressed in trans in ΔyaaH ΔactP cells. YaaH amino acid residues Leu131 and Ala164 are important for the enhanced ability to transport lactate (Sá-Pessoa et al. 2013). The 3-d structure has been determined to 2.8 Å resolution showing that it is a hexamer with each protomer having a central pore surrounded by 6 TMSs (Sun et al. 2018) (see family description for more details). Wu et al. 2019 suggested that channel opeining involves repacking of key residues, such as Gln50 and Phe17, as well as the subsequent outward movement of all transmembrane helices. Their simulations suggested that acetate is always surrounded by several water molecules when passing through the anion channel, and a high energy barrier of 15 kcal/mol was observed (Wu et al. 2019). SatP from Citrobacter koseri (92% identical to the E. coli ortholog) in liposomes and native nanodiscs has been examined structurally using solid state NMR, revealing the common helical structures in their transmembrane domains (Dong et al. 2021). It is not certain that SatP is a carrier or a channel. | Bacteria |
Pseudomonadota | SatP (YaaH) of E. coli (P0AC98) | ||
2.A.96.1.2 | Gpr1/YarL1 glyoxylate pathway regulator. Plays a role in acetate sensitivity (Augstein et al. 2003; Gentsch et al. 2007Gentsch et al. 2007). Probably an acetate transporter. | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | Gpr1 of Yarrowia lipolytica (P41943) | ||
2.A.96.1.3 | The acetate permease, AcpA (Robellet et al., 2008). (induced by acetate, ethanol and ethyl acetate). This systems and its orthologs in fungi have been reviewed (Guo et al. 2018). | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | AcpA of Emericella (Aspergillus) nidulans (Q5B2K4) | ||
2.A.96.1.4 | The acetate permease, Ady2, required for normal sporulation; phosphorylated in mitochondria (Paiva et al., 2004) | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | Ady2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P25613) | ||
2.A.96.1.5 | The ammonium exporter (ammonium outward transporter 2), Ato2 or Fun34 (Guaragnella and Butow, 2003; Ricicová et al., 2007) | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | Ato3 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Q12359) | ||
2.A.96.1.6 | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | Mug86 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe | |||
2.A.96.1.7 | Ammonia transport outward protein 2, ATO2 | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | ATO2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae | ||
2.A.96.1.8 | Uncharacterized protein of 182 aas and 6 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Mycoplasmatota | UP of Acholeplasma modicum | ||
2.A.96.1.9 | Uncharacterized protein of 200 aas and 6 TMSs. | Archaea |
Euryarchaeota | UP of Methanosarcina soligelidi | ||
2.A.96.1.10 | GPR1/FUN34/YaaH family of 298 aas and 6 TMSs. | Eukaryota |
Euglenozoa | GPR1 protein of Angomonas deanei | ||
2.A.96.1.11 | Accumulation of dyads protein 2, Ady2, or ATO acetate uptake porter of 277 aas and 6 TMSs in a 3 + 3 TMS arrangement. | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | Ady2 of Kluyveromyces marxianus (Candida Kefyr), yeast
| ||
2.A.96.1.12 | Uncharacterized protein of 223 aas and 6 TMSs in a 3 + 3 TMS arrangement. | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Mucoromycota | UP of Thamnidium elegans | ||
2.A.96.1.13 | SatP/GPR1/FUN34/YaaH family transporter of 189 aas and 6 TMSs. | Bacteria |
Actinomycetota | GPR1 of Streptacidiphilus neutrinimicus | ||
2.A.96.1.14 | Uncharacterized protein of 208 aas and 6 TMSs in a 3 + 3 TMS arrangement. | Bacteria |
Bacillota | UP of Syntrophomonadaceae bacterium (anaerobic digester metagenome) | ||
2.A.96.2.1 | Ethanol-induced protein AlcS (6 TMSs. May be distantly related to the second half (TMSs 7-12)) of APC family member, 3.A.3.3.4. This subfamily is absent from yeast and bacteria (Flipphi et al., 2006). | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | AlcS of Emericella (Aspergillus) nidulans (Q460G9) | ||
2.A.96.2.2 | GPR1 protein of 259 aas and 6 TMSs. | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Basidiomycota | GPR1 protein of Lentinula edodes | ||
2.A.96.2.3 | Uncharacterized protein of 309 aas with a 100 residue hydrophilic N-terminus, and a 6 TMS C-terminal region. | Eukaryota |
Fungi, Ascomycota | UP of Mycosphaerella eumusae (Pseudocercospora eumusae) |