9.B.315. The Glycoslyphosphatidylinositol (GPI) Membrane Anchoring Protein GWT1 (GWT1) Family
This family consists of proteins that modify and anchor proteins to the membrane of eukaryotes using a GPI anchor. The proteins variy in size and numbers of TMSs with the longer ones having more TMSs. GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are anchored at the surfaces of mammalian blood and tissue cells through a carboxy-terminal GPI glycolipid. Eventually, they are released into incubation medium in vitro and blood in vivo, and they are subsequently inserted into neighboring cells, potentially leading to inappropriate surface expression or lysis (Müller et al. 2021). A chip-based sensing system for GPI-AP transfer may be useful for the prediction and stratification of metabolic diseases as well as elucidation of the putative role of intercellular transfer of cell surface proteins, such as GPI-APs, in (patho)physiological mechanisms (Müller et al. 2021).
References:
GWT1 protein of 493 aas and 13 TMSs, an acyl transferase.
GWT1 protein of Entamoeba histolytica
Phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class W protein of 468 aas and 13 TMSs. Probably catalyzes acyl transfer and is involved in the pathway for glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.
GWT1 of Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly) (Tephritis capitata)
Phosphatidylinositol glycan W protein of 558 aas and 8 TMSs, PigW.
PigW of Toxoplasma gondii
Phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class W protein of 492 aas and 13 TMSs, PigW.
PigW of Dictyostelium discoideum (Slime mold)
GPI-anchored wall transfer protein 1 of 490 aas and 13 TMSs, GWT1. (See family description for more details.)
GWT1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast)
Uncharacterized protein of 716 aas and 10 - 13 TMSs.
UP of Cyclospora cayetanensis