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2.A.15.1.3
Low affinity (0.9 mM), high efficiency, choline/glycine betaine:H+ symporter, BetT (Chen and Beattie, 2007). The choline-glycine betaine pathway plays an important role in bacterial survival in hyperosmotic environments. Osmotic activation of BetT promotes the uptake of external choline for synthesizing the osmoprotective glycine betaine. The cryo-EM structures of Pseudomonas syringae BetT in the apo and choline-bound states shows that BetT forms a domain-swapped trimer with the C-terminal domain (CTD) of one protomer interacting with the transmembrane domain (TMD) of a neighboring protomer (Yang et al. 2024). The substrate choline is bound within a tryptophan prism at the central part of the TMD. The results suggest that in Pseudomonas species, including the plant pathogen P. syringae and the human pathogen P. aeruginosa, BetT is locked at a low-activity state through CTD-mediated autoinhibition in the absence of osmotic stress, and its hyperosmotic activation involves the release of this autoinhibition (Yang et al. 2024).

Accession Number:Q4ZLW8
Protein Name:BetT
Length:664
Molecular Weight:73223.00
Species:Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (strain B728a) [205918]
Number of TMSs:12
Location1 / Topology2 / Orientation3: Membrane1 / Multi-pass membrane protein2
Substrate hydron, choline, glycine betaine

Cross database links:

RefSeq: YP_237892.1   
Entrez Gene ID: 3370377   
Pfam: PF02028   
BioCyc: PSYR205918:PSYR_4827-MONOMER   
KEGG: psb:Psyr_4827   

Gene Ontology

GO:0016021 C:integral to membrane
GO:0005886 C:plasma membrane
GO:0005215 F:transporter activity
GO:0006810 P:transport

References (1)

[1] “Comparison of the complete genome sequences of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a and pv. tomato DC3000.”  Feil H.et.al.   16043691

External Searches:

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Predict TMSs (Predict number of transmembrane segments)
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FASTA formatted sequence
1:	MSSASSSSSG MVRMNAPVFY FAASFILIFG IVVIAFPQAS GEWLLAAQNW AANTVGWYYM 
61:	MVMTLYLVFV VVTALSGFGK IKLGADHDEP EFSYLSWAGM LFAAGISITL FFFCVSEPLT 
121:	HLLQPPQGEG GTAEAARQGM QLLFLHWGLH GWGVFAFVGM ALAYFAYRHN LPLALRSALY 
181:	PLIGKRINGP IGYAVDGFGI IATIFGLGAD MGFGVLHLNS GLDYLFGVAH THWIQVGLIT 
241:	LMMGAAILVA IAGVDKGVRV MSDINMLLAC ALLLFVLFAG PTQHLLNTLV QNIGDYLGAL 
301:	PSKSFDVYAY NEPSDWLGGW TVFYWAWWIA WAPFVGLFIA RISRGRTIRE FVFGVLLIPL 
361:	GFTLAWMSIF GNSAIDQVLN HGMTALGQSA IDDPSMTLYL LLETYPWSKT VIAVTVFISF 
421:	VFFVTSADSG TVVLSTLSAK GGNPDEDGPK WLRVFWGVAT ALITSGLLFS GSIDALKSAV 
481:	VLTSLPFSLI LLLMMWGLHK AFVMESQRKI AQLYSLAPVS GSRRGGWRQR LSQAVHYPSR 
541:	DEVYRFLDQT VRPAIEEVTA VFVEKGLNVV NVPDPSNDSV TLEIGHGEER PFIYQVQMKG 
601:	FFTPSFARGG MGSKQLNNRR YYRAEVHLSE GSQDYDLVGY TKEQVINDVL DQYERHMQFL 
661:	HLVR