1.D.202.  The Transmembrane Peptide-Chondroitin Sulphate‑Gold Nanoparticle                 (TAT-CS@Au) Family

A transmembrane peptide-chondroitin sulphate‑gold nanoparticle (TAT-CS@Au) delivery system has been created, and its activity as an anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) drug has been considered (Feng et al. 2023).  TAT-CS@Au nanoparticles were made, and possible mechanisms were examined. TAT-CS@Au exhibited excellent cellular uptake and transport capacities, effectively inhibited the accumulation of Abeta(1-40,); it reduced Abeta(1-40)-induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells, and reduced oxidative stress damage and cholinergic injury induced by Abeta(1-40) by regulating intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and acetylcholine (ACh). Western blotting results demonstrated that TAT-CS@Au inhibited aberrant tau phosphorylation (Ser199, Thr205, Ser404, and Ser396) through GSK3beta inactivation. TAT-CS@Au decreased the levels of inflammatory factors, specifically TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-1beta, by inhibiting NF-kappaB nuclear translocation by activating MAPK signalling pathways. These results indicate that TAT-CS@Au exhibits excellent transmembrane abilities, inhibits Abeta(1-40) accumulation, antagonises oxidative stress, reduces aberrant tau phosphorylation, and suppresses the expression of inflammatory factors. TAT-CS@Au may be a multi-target anti-AD drug with good cell permeability, providing new insights into the design and research of anti-AD therapeutics.

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