1.E.29 The Holin Hol44 (Hol44) Family Oenococcus oeni cells are intrinsically resistant to the secreted endolysin from oenophage fOg44 (Lys44). Experiments with several antimicrobials support the hypothesis that the full activity of Lys44 requires sudden ion-nonspecific dissipation of the proton motive force, an event undertaken by the fOg44 holin in the phage infection context (Nascimento et al. 2008).
This family belongs to the Holin V Superfamily .
References:
Goh, S., P.F. Ong, K.P. Song, T.V. Riley, and B.J. Chang. (2007). The complete genome sequence of Clostridium difficile phage phiC2 and comparisons to phiCD119 and inducible prophages of CD630. Microbiology 153: 676-685.
Nascimento, J.G., M.C. Guerreiro-Pereira, S.F. Costa, C. São-José, and M.A. Santos. (2008). Nisin-triggered activity of Lys44, the secreted endolysin from Oenococcus oeni phage fOg44. J. Bacteriol. 190: 457-461.
Oki, M., M. Kakikawa, S. Nakamura, E.T. Yamamura, K. Watanabe, M. Sasamoto, A. Taketo, and K. Kodaira. (1997). Functional and structural features of the holin HOL protein of the Lactobacillus plantarum phage phi gle: analysis in Escherichia coli system. Gene 197: 137-145.
Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example
1.E.29.1.1	*p36 holin of Clostridial phage Phi C2. Functional in E. coli* (Goh et al. 2007).**	Firmicute	p36 holin of phage Phi C2

1.E.29.1.2	*Holin of Clostridial phage Phi CD119 (Goh et al.* 2007).**	Firmicute phage	Holin of clostridial phage Phi CD119

1.E.29.1.3	Putative holin of 94 aas and 3 TM	Firmicutes	Putative holin of Lactobacillus plantarum

1.E.29.1.4	Putative holin of 87 aas and 3 TM	Firmicutes	Putative holin of Tetagenococcus halophilus

1.E.29.1.5	Putative holin of 89 aas and 2 or 3 TMSs		Holin of Turicibacter sanguinis

Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example
1.E.29.2.1	*Holin, Hol44 of Oenococcus* phage fOg44 (118 aas; 3 TMSs)**	Firmicute viruses	Hol44 of phage fOg44

1.E.29.2.2	Putative holin	Firmicutes	Putative holin of Leuconostoc kimchii

1.E.29.2.3	Holin (97aas)	Firmicute viruses	Holin of Leuconostoc gasicomitatum

1.E.29.2.4	Lactobacillus phage phi g1e holin (Oki et al. 1997).	Firmicute viruses	Lactobacillus phage phi g1e holin

1.E.29.2.5	Putative holin of 78 aas and 3 TMSs	Firmicutes	Putative holin of Pelotomaculum thermopropionicum

1.E.29.2.6	Putative holin of 81 aas and 3 TMSs.	Firmicutes	Holin of Sporosarcina newyorkensis

1.E.29.2.7	Holin of 79 aas and 2 TMSs.		*Holin of Bacillus* phage J5a**

Examples:
TC#	Name	Organismal Type	Example
1.E.29.3.1	Putative holin of 81 aas and 3 TMSs	Firmicutes	Putative holin of Brevibacillus laterosporus

1.E.29.3.2	Putative holin of 69 aas and 2 or 3 TMSs		*Holin of Paenibacillus* sp.**

1.E.29.3.3	Putative holin of 101 aas and 2 or 3 TMSs.		Holin of Cohnella phaseoli