2.A.3.8.18
Cystine/glutamate antiporter (Amino acid transport system xCT) (Calcium channel blocker resistance protein CCBR1) (Solute carrier family 7 member 11).  The pathology and development of non-competive diaryl-isoxazole inhibitors have been presented (Newell et al. 2013).  In Lama paco (alpaca), the Slc7a11 porter of 503 aas and 12 TMSs probably functions in melanogenesis and coat color regulation (Tian et al. 2015).  It interacts with mucin-1 (MUC1-C; P15941) which forms a complex with xCT. It also forms a complex with SLC3A2 heavy chain (CD98hc, 4F2hc or MDU1 (TC# 8.A.9.2.2). Together they maintain glutathione levels and redox balance and influence cancer development (Hasegawa et al. 2016). xCT is the receptor for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV, human herpesvirus 8), the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma and other lymphoproliferative syndromes often associated with HIV/AIDS (Kaleeba and Berger 2006). Sulfasalazine is an inhibitor of xCT that is known to increase cellular oxidative stress, giving it anti-tumor potential, but it seems to have many side effects (Nagane et al. 2018). xCT is a cancer stem cell-related target and can be used to develop preclinical therapeutic approaches, able to hamper tumor growth and dissemination (Ruiu et al. 2019). Residues involved in substrate binding have been proposed based on in silico approaches (Sharma and Anirudh 2019). The tissue distribution of xCT in chickens has been determined (Choi et al. 2020). xCT supports tumor cell growth through glutathione-based oxidative stress resistance, and mutations can enhance its stability (Oda et al. 2020). Signals of pseudo-starvation unveiled that SLC7A11 is key determinant in the control of Treg (T) cell proliferative potential (Procaccini et al. 2021). xCT antiporter function inhibits HIV-1 infection (Rabinowitz et al. 2021).