9.A.14.8.3
Olfactory receptor OR51E2 of 320 aas and 7 TMSs. This olfactory receptor (Jovancevic et al. 2017) is activated by the odorant, beta-ionone, a synthetic terpenoid (Neuhaus et al. 2009). Its activity is propably mediated by G-proteins leading to the elevation of intracellular Ca²⁺, cAMP and activation of the protein kinases PKA and MAPK3/MAPK1 (Gelis et al. 2016). Stimulation of OR51E2 by beta-ionone affects melanocyte proliferation, differentiation, and melanogenesis and increases proliferation and migration of primary retinal pigment epithelial  cells (Jovancevic et al. 2017). Activation by the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), acetate,  L-lactate and propionate, may positively regulate renin secretion and increase blood pressure (Pluznick et al. 2013). It may also be activated by steroid hormones and regulate cell proliferation (Neuhaus et al. 2009). The orthologues from bovine species are ~ 92% identical to the human ortholog, and there appears to be an expansion in the gene copt number of olfactory receptors (Neuhaus et al. 2009). Its activity is propably mediated by G-proteins leading to the elevation of intracellular Ca²⁺, cAMP and activation of the protein kinases PKA and MAPK3/MAPK1 (Gelis et al. 2016). Stimulation of OR51E2 by beta-ionone affects melanocyte proliferation, differentiation, and melanogenesis and increases proliferation and migration of primary retinal pigment epithelial  cells (Jovancevic et al. 2017). Activation by the short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), acetate,  L-lactate and propionate, may positively regulate renin secretion and increase blood pressure (Pluznick et al. 2013). It may also be activated by steroid hormones and regulate cell proliferation (Neuhaus et al. 2009). The orthologues from bovine species are ~ 92% identical to the human ortholog, and there appears to be an expansion in the gene copt number of olfactory receptors (Low et al. 2022).