9.B.470.  The Flavin-containing MonoOxygenase 2 (FMO2) Family  

FMO2 catalyzes the oxidative metabolism of numerous xenobiotics, including mainly therapeutic drugs and insecticides that contain a soft nucleophile, most commonly nitrogen or sulfur and participates to their bioactivation (Francois et al. 2009). It specifically catalyzes S-oxygenation of sulfur derived compounds such as thiourea-derived compounds, thioetherorganophosphates to their sulfenic acid (Henderson et al. 2004).  In vitro, it catalyzes S-oxygenation of the second-line antitubercular drugs thiacetazone (TAZ) and ethionamide (ETA), forming a sulfinic acid and a carbodiimide via a postulated sulfenic acid intermediate (Francois et al. 2009).  It also catalyzes S-oxygenation of the thioether-containing organophosphate insecticides, phorate and disulfoton and prevents pathological cardiac hypertrophy by maintaining the ER-mitochondria association through interaction with the IP3R2-Grp75-VDAC1 complex ().Xiao et al. 2025