9.B.385.  The TMEM39A or SUSR2 (TMEM39A) Family 

Transmembrane Protein 39A (TMEM39A) is a mediator of autoimmune disease. It seems to be involved in systemic lupus erythematosus and multiple sclerosis in humans. Tran et al. 2017 reviewed the current knowledge about TMEM39A and its possible roles in cell biology, physiology and pathology. It may play a role in brain tumors (Park et al. 2017). TMEM39A gene polymorphisms are related to various autoimmune diseases including autoimmune thyroid disease (Yao et al. 2019). It is an ER-localized transmembrane protein that acts as an adaptor protein for efficient export of proteins such as SAC1 from the ER (Miao et al. 2020). TMEM39a promotes the replication of encephalomyocarditis virus via an autophagy pathway (Li et al. 2019). A myristoylated TMEM39AS41, a cell-permeable peptide, causes lung cancer cell death (Park et al. 2020) (see TC# 1.D.124). The conserved autoimmune-disease risk gene TMEM39A regulates lysosomal dynamics (Luo et al. 2021). It also coordinates with COPII to promote collagen secretion and regulate the ER stress response (Park et al. 2020) (see TC# 1.D.124). The conserved autoimmune-disease risk gene TMEM39A regulates lysosomal dynamics (Luo et al. 2021). It also coordinates with COPII to promote collagen secretion and regulate the ER stress response (Zhang et al. 2021).