Search TCDB: (?)
TCDB is operated by the Saier Lab Bioinformatics Group
Format for Printing
View Proteins belonging to: The Spider Toxin (STx2) Family

8.B.12 The Spider Toxin (STx2) Family

Phoneutria nigriventer toxins, PnTx2-5 and PnTx2-6, markedly delay the fast inactivation kinetics of neuronal-type sodium channels, but they have differences in their interactions with the channel (Matavel et al., 2009). PnTx2-6 has an affinity 6 times higher than that of PnTx2-5, and its effects are not reversible within 10-15 min of washing. PnTx2-6 partially (59%) competes with the scorpion alpha-toxin AaHII, but not with the scorpion beta-toxin CssIV, thus suggesting a mode of action similar to that of site 3 toxins. However, PnTx2-6 is not removed by strong depolarizing pulses, as in the known site 3 toxins. Matavel et al., 2009 also established that the cysteines in these poorly helical toxins are in their oxidized form.

This family belongs to the: Huwentoxin Superfamily.
View Proteins belonging to: The Spider Toxin (STx2) Family

References associated with 8.B.12 family:

Liu, Z., J. Dai, L. Dai, M. Deng, Z. Hu, W. Hu, and S. Liang. (2006). Function and solution structure of Huwentoxin-X, a specific blocker of N-type calcium channels, from the Chinese bird spider Ornithoctonus huwena. J. Biol. Chem. 281: 8628-8635. 16439354
Matavel, A., C. Fleury, L.C. Oliveira, F. Molina, M.E. de Lima, J.S. Cruz, M.N. Cordeiro, M. Richardson, C.H. Ramos, and P.S. Beirão. (2009). Structure and activity analysis of two spider toxins that alter sodium channel inactivation kinetics. Biochemistry 48: 3078-3088. 19231838
Souza, A.H., J. Ferreira, M.d.o.N. Cordeiro, L.B. Vieira, C.J. De Castro, G. Trevisan, H. Reis, I.A. Souza, M. Richardson, M.A. Prado, V.F. Prado, and M.V. Gomez. (2008). Analgesic effect in rodents of native and recombinant Ph alpha 1beta toxin, a high-voltage-activated calcium channel blocker isolated from armed spider venom. Pain 140: 115-126. 18774645
Vassilevski, A.A., M.Y. Sachkova, A.A. Ignatova, S.A. Kozlov, A.V. Feofanov, and E.V. Grishin. (2013). Spider toxins comprising disulfide-rich and linear amphipathic domains: a new class of molecules identified in the lynx spider Oxyopes takobius. FEBS J. 280: 6247-6261. 24118933
Vieira, L.B., C. Kushmerick, H.J. Reis, C.R. Diniz, M.N. Cordeiro, M.A. Prado, E. Kalapothakis, M.A. Romano-Silva, and M.V. Gomez. (2003). PnTx3-6 a spider neurotoxin inhibits K+-evoked increase in [Ca2+](i) and Ca2+-dependent glutamate release in synaptosomes. Neurochem Int 42: 277-282. 12470700
Vieira, L.B., C. Kushmerick, M.E. Hildebrand, E. Garcia, A. Stea, M.N. Cordeiro, M. Richardson, M.V. Gomez, and T.P. Snutch. (2005). Inhibition of high voltage-activated calcium channels by spider toxin PnTx3-6. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 314: 1370-1377. 15933156